A Totalitarian State- Because of Stalin the Soviet Union turned into a totalitarin state. Stalin imposed government control over the Soviet union's economy. In 1928 Stalin proposed the first of several "five year plans" aimed at building heavy industry, impoving transportation and increasing farm out put. The economy was under government control and the government distributed all the resorces. Command economy- Gov. officals made all economic decisions. The five year plan made production of raw materials and other materials sky rocket. Because of stict deadlines the workers produced low qualty products. Also because of government contro some areas got more resources got more then others because of poor government planning. Wages were very low but no one could strike. Stalin put agriculture under Government controll also, but they wanted them to only produce grain. Stalin wanted the peasants to only farm on state-owned farms or collectives- large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group. In collectives the government provided all of the nessecities for farming but restricted the use of it. Some did not want to turn over their land so they killed farm animals, broke tools, and burned crops. Stalin was not a happy camper when this happened. He thought kulaks- wealthy farmers where behind the rebellion. Because of this he sent the kulaks to labor camps and took their land, many died because of this. Peasants still rebelled and only grew enought food for themselves. Stalin then took all the crops to meet demand and left them to starve. Because of this 5-8 million people died. Even with taking all of the crops he couldnt feed all of Russia.
Stalin's Terror Tactics- Stalin used secret police and toture to keep people in line. He also killed communist elites if he thought they werer going against him. Secret police opened letters and planed listening devices. People against him were sent to the Gulag- brutal labor camps where many died. In 1934 he and his secret police cracked down on other parties. He conviced people of crimes like counterrevolutionary plots to failure to meet quotas. In front of many people he would have communist officals confess to breaking the law and would torture him and his family. Over this time arond 4 million were sent to camps or made a public desplay of. Because of the mass killing and sendings to the Gulag many of Russia's main millitary officers and engineers amongst other imprtant people were dead. When Germany invaded Russia this hurt Russia very bad.
Communist Attempts to Control Thought- Stalin to get the citizens on his side sent out propoganda and replaced religon with communstic ideas. Stalin in propoganda made himself look god like. Using modern technology like the radio and loud speakers all over russia spread communist ideas. He also controled the arts. Stalin requierd the writers and artists to use socialist realism- This show'd Soviet life in a very possitive way. Many artist and writers would not give in to what Stalin wanted so Stain imprisioned some. Stalin also controled the cuture of people. Russification- or making the cuture more russian. 1936 the U.S.S.R. was 11 soviet socialist republics. The USSR was made up of the russian heart land and places like Uzbek and Ukraine. Stalin in the late 1920's made a policy to make the USSR states more russian. Also the communist party took away peoples religon. Atheism- belief there is no god became a policy. In the begging the Communist went after the orthodox church and sent many of the priests to labor camps or killed them. Also they banned Hebrew and jewish synagogues.
Soviet Society Under Stalin- The social class were all equal. Only a few elite communist were government officals. The elites got to live in the best appartments and shopped at the best stores. All children had to attend a free school. The state also suppored tech schools and universities. But schools taught communist views and atheism also the love of Stalin. Also free medical help and daycare were provided. But entire familes would be packed into one roo because there wasnt enought housing. Because of communism women were equal to men. They had education and jobs the same as men. But both men and women had super low wages.
Soviet Foreign Policy- Communist wanted to start a world-wide revolution but also wanted support from other nations. in 1919 Lenin formed the Comintern-this was made to start the world wide revolution. This aided revolutionary groups worldwide. The U.S. and and Britian were suspicious of the Russians but later the U.S. made ties with the Russians and traded with them.
Looking Ahead- Soviet Union became a military power by the time Stalin died in 1953 but Stalin killed many people and put all of russia in fear.
Practice Quiz Packet-
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. E
5.B
6. A
7. C
8.B
9. B
10. D
The Soviet Union Under Stalin (542-549)
A Totalitarian State- Because of Stalin the Soviet Union turned into a totalitarin state. Stalin imposed government control over the Soviet union's economy. In 1928 Stalin proposed the first of several "five year plans" aimed at building heavy industry, impoving transportation and increasing farm out put. The economy was under government control and the government distributed all the resorces. Command economy- Gov. officals made all economic decisions. The five year plan made production of raw materials and other materials sky rocket. Because of stict deadlines the workers produced low qualty products. Also because of government contro some areas got more resources got more then others because of poor government planning. Wages were very low but no one could strike. Stalin put agriculture under Government controll also, but they wanted them to only produce grain. Stalin wanted the peasants to only farm on state-owned farms or collectives- large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group. In collectives the government provided all of the nessecities for farming but restricted the use of it. Some did not want to turn over their land so they killed farm animals, broke tools, and burned crops. Stalin was not a happy camper when this happened. He thought kulaks- wealthy farmers where behind the rebellion. Because of this he sent the kulaks to labor camps and took their land, many died because of this. Peasants still rebelled and only grew enought food for themselves. Stalin then took all the crops to meet demand and left them to starve. Because of this 5-8 million people died. Even with taking all of the crops he couldnt feed all of Russia.Stalin's Terror Tactics- Stalin used secret police and toture to keep people in line. He also killed communist elites if he thought they werer going against him. Secret police opened letters and planed listening devices. People against him were sent to the Gulag- brutal labor camps where many died. In 1934 he and his secret police cracked down on other parties. He conviced people of crimes like counterrevolutionary plots to failure to meet quotas. In front of many people he would have communist officals confess to breaking the law and would torture him and his family. Over this time arond 4 million were sent to camps or made a public desplay of. Because of the mass killing and sendings to the Gulag many of Russia's main millitary officers and engineers amongst other imprtant people were dead. When Germany invaded Russia this hurt Russia very bad.
Communist Attempts to Control Thought- Stalin to get the citizens on his side sent out propoganda and replaced religon with communstic ideas. Stalin in propoganda made himself look god like. Using modern technology like the radio and loud speakers all over russia spread communist ideas. He also controled the arts. Stalin requierd the writers and artists to use socialist realism- This show'd Soviet life in a very possitive way. Many artist and writers would not give in to what Stalin wanted so Stain imprisioned some. Stalin also controled the cuture of people. Russification-
or making the cuture more russian. 1936 the U.S.S.R. was 11 soviet socialist republics. The USSR was made up of the russian heart land and places like Uzbek and Ukraine. Stalin in the late 1920's made a policy to make the USSR states more russian. Also the communist party took away peoples religon. Atheism- belief there is no god became a policy. In the begging the Communist went after the orthodox church and sent many of the priests to labor camps or killed them. Also they banned Hebrew and jewish synagogues.
Soviet Society Under Stalin- The social class were all equal. Only a few elite communist were government officals. The elites got to live in the best appartments and shopped at the best stores. All children had to attend a free school. The state also suppored tech schools and universities. But schools taught communist views and atheism also the love of Stalin. Also free medical help and daycare were provided. But entire familes would be packed into one roo because there wasnt enought housing. Because of communism women were equal to men. They had education and jobs the same as men. But both men and women had super low wages.
Soviet Foreign Policy- Communist wanted to start a world-wide revolution but also wanted support from other nations. in 1919 Lenin formed the Comintern-this was made to start the world wide revolution. This aided revolutionary groups worldwide. The U.S. and and Britian were suspicious of the Russians but later the U.S. made ties with the Russians and traded with them.
Looking Ahead- Soviet Union became a military power by the time Stalin died in 1953 but Stalin killed many people and put all of russia in fear.
Practice Quiz Packet-
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. E
5.B
6. A
7. C
8.B
9. B
10. D